Baja California is one of the 31 states of the Mexican Republic.

It is a long, narrow peninsula situated in northwestern Mexico, and joined to the Mexican mainland by a strip of land belonging to Sonora.

Its capital is Mexicali.

Baja California has approximately 2,112,140 inhabitants; the state is divided into five municipalities.

Its territory covers an area of 71,576 square kilometers.

Baja California is bordered to the north by the United States of America; to the west, by the Pacific Ocean; and to the east, by the Sea of Cortés or the Gulf of California, and by the Colorado River.

The climate of Baja California is generally hot and dry, but since it lies north of the Tropic of Cancer, it also has a cold season.

The state has four types of climate which are generally characterized by the temperatures prevailing during different periods of the year, and by rainfall. This means the abundance or lack of rain and its intensity.

In the northeast, the climate is desert-like, with high temperatures in the summer and part of the fall.

In the northwest, the climate is cool and the summer, hot.

In the central area, the climate is cool and damp. The winter is cold, with periodic rains, and the summer is long and cool.

The southern region is characterized by a very extreme, desert climate: it is very hot in the day and very cold at night.